Living in a damp environment can pose serious and potential health risks, far beyond mere discomfort. Recent studies have revealed the grim reality of indoor air pollution, particularly the issue of black mold, and its impact on health.
A recent investigation by BBC Panorama brought this issue into the spotlight, revealing that over 26,000 children were hospitalized in the past year due to lung diseases linked to mold and damp conditions in their homes. This figure alone underscores the urgent need to address this widespread problem.
In 2020, the tragic death of two-year-old Awaab Ishak in Rochdale due to mold issues in his home sparked calls for stricter regulations on rental properties. A recent government survey in the UK revealed that over 500,000 rental properties are affected by black mold, underscoring the scale of the challenge faced by many families.
Understanding the specific nature of black mold, its health risks, and how to determine if your home is affected is a crucial step in protecting yourself and your family. This invisible enemy lurks in unexpected places and can pose serious health hazards.
Black mold is caused by a specific fungus called Strachybotris Chartarum. It proliferates rapidly in damp environments, such as damp walls and carpets. Its characteristic black patches and pungent moldy odor are easily recognizable. It is crucial to distinguish black mold from mold (another common household fungus).
Dr. Jonathan Kirby, Dryzone’s mold and moisture expert, explains the key differences: “Mold typically appears slimy or fuzzy, while mold stains are often white or gray, dry in texture, and powdery.” He adds, “Additionally, mold stains have a milder odor, similar to the musty smell of a damp towel, while mold emits a stronger, more pungent odor.Mold is harder to remove because it penetrates deep into materials, while mildew primarily grows on the surface.”
While black mold is commonly found in bathrooms, especially in poorly ventilated areas, it can also appear in other parts of the home. Common damp areas such as windowsills are typical places to check for signs of mold growth.
Mold may also thrive in some inconspicuous and easily overlooked areas. For example, if a washing machine is used to wash clothes at temperatures below 40°C, harmful black mold may grow inside, as this temperature allows biological growth and survival. It is recommended to clean the washing machine regularly.
The areas behind furniture are also prone to moisture, as stagnant air cools and comes into contact with walls, causing condensation droplets that promote mold growth. Dr. Kirby recommends checking areas such as behind sofas, bathroom mirrors, and currently unused radiators as a wise preventive measure.
Chimneys and roofs provide dark, damp, and humid environments, making them ideal conditions for mold growth in homes. Regularly inspect these areas for excessive moisture or signs of mold to help identify issues early and address them before mold spreads extensively.
Data from Scotland and Wales also reveal serious issues. According to Freedom of Information requests, during the 2021/22 fiscal year, 22 local councils in Scotland received 14,451 reports of mold or dampness, representing a 19% increase from the previous year.
The 2020 Wales Housing Conditions Survey reported that 7% of Welsh households experienced damp issues, with privately rented housing being the most affected, consistent with trends in England.
Prevention is undoubtedly the best approach to addressing moisture and mold issues, as identifying the root cause can be challenging and repairs may prove difficult. Additionally, if the issue is caused by tenant behavior, it is typically not considered normal wear and tear.
Ventilation expert Professor Cath Noakes recommends checking for obvious outdoor leaks, such as blocked gutters causing rainwater to run down walls. This highlights the importance of maintaining building exteriors.
Professor Noakes also suggests shortening shower times, reducing morning condensation on windows, and opening windows intermittently during warm weather to help prevent moisture buildup. These small habits can make a significant difference.
If dampness persists, a dehumidifier may also help. Professor Noakes added that while not everyone can use a dehumidifier, dehumidifiers and window vacuum cleaners can remove condensation before it forms mold.
Asthma + Lung UK offers five key tips to prevent dampness and mold buildup: Open windows to ventilate(while avoiding pollen or heavily polluted weather); avoid drying clothes indoors whenever possible, and open windows for ventilation if necessary; use exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms, or open windows for ventilation while cooking or showering; close doors to rooms where moisture is present to prevent it from spreading; and keep room temperatures at least 15 degrees Celsius to avoid excessive cold.
If mold is detected, prompt action is crucial to prevent the problem from worsening. For tenants, the first step is always to report any moisture or mold issues to the landlord in writing, specifying the exact location and duration of the problem.
Before starting any cleaning work, be sure to wear protective gear, including gloves and a mask, to avoid inhaling harmful mold spores, especially if you have allergies or respiratory problems. Goggles are recommended.
You can use household cleaning products or mold removal sprays to remove small areas of mold. One method recommended by cleaning expert Nancy Emery is to use diluted white vinegar, mixing it with water in a 2:1 ratio and pouring it into a spray bottle.
Spray the affected area with a cleaning agent, soak for 30 minutes to 1 hour depending on the severity of the stain, then wipe clean with a clean cloth. Emery notes that some natural products, such as white vinegar, can be used as a cleaning concentrate.
Bleach is another effective and affordable option, Emery says. First, put on gloves and clean the base layer with soapy water and a sponge using a circular motion.Then, mix bleach with warm water in a 1:9 ratio, apply the solution to the mold stains using a sponge. Let the bleach solution sit for about 5 minutes, then rinse with clean warm water. If mold stains remain, repeat the above steps, increasing the bleach soaking time by 5 minutes each time. Emery recommends that mold stains should disappear within 1 hour.
Understanding how to identify mold, recognizing its health risks, and mastering the knowledge of prevention and removal are essential tools. This is a battle for safe and healthy indoor air.
Related posts:
How black mould impacts health and how to get rid of it
Urgent warning over health risks of ‘hidden’ household mould – as man is struck by deadly fungal lung disease
What to do about mould and damp in a rented property
